TY  - BOOK
AU  - Lyall,Jason
TI  - Divided Armies: Inequality and Battlefield Performance in Modern War 
T2  - Princeton Studies in International History and Politics
SN  - 9780691192437
AV  - UB416 
U1  - 355.3/3 23
PY  - 2020///]
CY  - Princeton, NJ : 
PB  - Princeton University Press, 
KW  - Discrimination in the military
KW  - Case studies
KW  - Military policy
KW  - Social aspects
KW  - Military readiness
KW  - Psychology, Military
KW  - Sociology, Military
KW  - Unit cohesion (Military science)
KW  - Gerechtigkeit
KW  - gnd
KW  - Militär
KW  - Randgruppe
KW  - Soldat
KW  - Verteidigung
KW  - Kriegführung
KW  - Kampfkraft
KW  - Potenzial
KW  - Bevölkerungsgruppe
KW  - Minderheit
KW  - POLITICAL SCIENCE / World / General
KW  - bisacsh
KW  - 16th Army (Soviet Union)
KW  - Aircraft
KW  - Alimqul
KW  - Ammunition
KW  - Armistice
KW  - Armoured warfare
KW  - Army
KW  - Artillery
KW  - Assassination
KW  - Austria-Hungary
KW  - Baggara
KW  - Battle of Moscow
KW  - Battle
KW  - Belligerent
KW  - Blockade
KW  - Brigadier general (United States)
KW  - Brigadier general
KW  - British Armed Forces
KW  - Calculation
KW  - Cambridge University Press
KW  - Cavalry
KW  - Central Asia
KW  - Collective punishment
KW  - Combat
KW  - Combined arms
KW  - Conscription
KW  - Conventional warfare
KW  - Correlates of War
KW  - Counter-offensive
KW  - Counterattack
KW  - Decision-making
KW  - Defection
KW  - Desertion
KW  - Disadvantage
KW  - Division (military)
KW  - Encirclement
KW  - Envelopment
KW  - Ethnic group
KW  - Exclusion
KW  - Extrajudicial punishment
KW  - Feint
KW  - Fengtian clique
KW  - Field force
KW  - Fifth column
KW  - Finding
KW  - Fortification
KW  - Frontal assault
KW  - Great power
KW  - Historiography
KW  - Infantry
KW  - International relations
KW  - Italo-Turkish War
KW  - Kokand
KW  - Logistics
KW  - Looting
KW  - Mass arrest
KW  - Mercenary
KW  - Military organization
KW  - Military service
KW  - Military technology
KW  - Military
KW  - Morale
KW  - Nation-building
KW  - National security
KW  - Obstacle
KW  - Officer (armed forces)
KW  - Omdurman
KW  - Order of battle
KW  - Ottoman Empire
KW  - Politician
KW  - Prisoner of war
KW  - Project
KW  - Red team
KW  - Refusal
KW  - Regiment
KW  - Reinforcement
KW  - Reprisal
KW  - Rifle
KW  - Russians
KW  - Second Congo War
KW  - Setback (architecture)
KW  - Skirmisher
KW  - State-building
KW  - Superiority (short story)
KW  - Taliban
KW  - Tax
KW  - Total war
KW  - Trade-off
KW  - Troop
KW  - Turncoat
KW  - Under arms
KW  - Unrest
KW  - Vulnerability
KW  - War effort
KW  - War
KW  - Warfare
KW  - Weapon
KW  - Wehrmacht
KW  - World War I
KW  - World War II
N1  - Frontmatter --; Contents --; Tables --; Figures and Maps --; Acknowledgments --; A Note to Readers --; 1. Introduction --; PART I. SETTING THE STAGE: THEORY AND INITIAL EVIDENCE --; 2. Divided Armies: A Theory of Battlefield Performance in Modern War --; 3. The Rise and Fall of the Mahdi State: A Natural Experiment --; 4. Lessons from Project Mars: Quantitative Tests of Military Inequality and Battlefield Performance Since 1800 --; PART II. TO THE BATTLEFIELD: HISTORICAL EVIDENCE --; 5. Inequality and Early Modern War: The Cases of Morocco and Kokand --; 6. Forging Armies from Prisons of Peoples: How Inequality Shaped Ottoman and Habsburg Battlefield Performance --; 7. African World Wars: Ethiopia and the Democratic Republic of Congo on the Modern Battlefield --; PART III. EXTENSIONS AND CONCLUSIONS --; 8. The Battle of Moscow:Microlevel Evidence --; 9. Conclusion --; PART IV. APPENDIXES --; Appendix 1. Project Mars: List of Conventional Wars, 1800–2011 --; Appendix 2. Project Mars: New Belligerents, 1800–2011 --; Bibliography --; Index; restricted access
N2  - How do armies fight and what makes them victorious on the modern battlefield? In Divided Armies, Jason Lyall challenges long-standing answers to this classic question by linking the fate of armies to their levels of inequality. Introducing the concept of military inequality, Lyall demonstrates how a state's prewar choices about the citizenship status of ethnic groups within its population determine subsequent battlefield performance. Treating certain ethnic groups as second-class citizens, either by subjecting them to state-sanctioned discrimination or, worse, violence, undermines interethnic trust, fuels grievances, and leads victimized soldiers to subvert military authorities once war begins. The higher an army's inequality, Lyall finds, the greater its rates of desertion, side-switching, casualties, and use of coercion to force soldiers to fight.In a sweeping historical investigation, Lyall draws on Project Mars, a new dataset of 250 conventional wars fought since 1800, to test this argument. Project Mars breaks with prior efforts by including overlooked non-Western wars while cataloguing new patterns of inequality and wartime conduct across hundreds of belligerents. Combining historical comparisons and statistical analysis, Lyall also marshals evidence from nine wars, ranging from the Eastern Fronts of World War I and II to less familiar wars in Africa and Central Asia, to illustrate inequality's effects.Sounding the alarm on the dangers of inequality for battlefield performance, Divided Armies offers important lessons about warfare over the past two centuries—and for wars still to come
UR  - https://doi.org/10.1515/9780691194158?locatt=mode:legacy
UR  - https://www.degruyter.com/isbn/9780691194158
UR  - https://www.degruyter.com/document/cover/isbn/9780691194158/original
ER  -