TY - BOOK AU - Nelson,Bruce TI - Divided We Stand: American Workers and the Struggle for Black Equality T2 - Politics and Society in Modern America SN - 9780691227429 AV - HD8081.A65 PY - 2022///] CY - Princeton, NJ : PB - Princeton University Press, KW - African American iron and steel workers KW - History KW - African American stevedores KW - African Americans KW - Employment KW - Discrimination in employment KW - United States KW - Foreign workers KW - Minorities KW - Race discrimination KW - HISTORY / United States / 20th Century KW - bisacsh KW - American Committee on Africa KW - Atlantic Steel KW - Bethlehem Steel KW - British West Indies Regiment (BWIR) KW - Carnegie Steel KW - Catholics: and communism KW - Chinese immigrants KW - Civil Rights movement KW - Communist party (CP) KW - Democratic party KW - Douglass, Frederick KW - Dues Protest Committee KW - Dwyer, John KW - Eisenhower, Dwight KW - Elder, Morton KW - Emerson, Ralph Waldo KW - Equal Employment Opportunity Commission (EEOC) KW - Fitzpatrick, John KW - Garrisonians KW - Gary (Indiana) KW - Great Steel Strike (1919) KW - Harlem Trade Union Council KW - Hill, Herbert KW - Homestead Strike (1892) KW - Inland Steel KW - International Association of Machinists KW - International Workers Order (IWO) KW - Irish Free State KW - Jones and Laughlin Steel (J and L) KW - Kessler-Harris, Alice KW - Liberty Hall (Harlem) KW - Little Steel companies KW - Local 968 (ILA) KW - Murray, Philip KW - National Labor Union KW - New Deal KW - O’Connell, Daniel KW - Quam-Wickham, Nancy KW - Rank and File Committee KW - Republican party KW - Salcido, Cristobal (Chu Chu) KW - Teamsters KW - Thompson, Perry KW - United Labor party KW - United States Shipping Board KW - Wallace, George KW - Williams, Walter KW - abolitionists KW - anti-Chinese movement KW - longshoremen KW - minstrelsy KW - port of New York N1 - Frontmatter --; Contents --; Illustrations --; Acknowledgments --; Permissions --; Introduction. "Something in the 'Atmosphere' of America" --; Part One. Longshoremen --; 1. The Logic and Limits of Solidarity, 1850s—1920s --; 2. New York: "They . . . Helped to Create Themselves Out of What They Found Around Them" --; 3. Waterfront Unionism and "Race Solidarity": From the Crescent City to the City of Angels --; Part Two. Steelworkers --; 4. Ethnicity and Race in Steel's Nonunion Era --; 5. "Regardless of Creed, Color or Nationality": Steelworkers and Civil Rights (I) --; 6. "We Are Determined to Secure Justice Now": Steelworkers and Civil Rights (II) --; 7. "The Steel Was Hot, the Jobs Were Dirty, and It Was War": Class, Race, and Working-Class Agency in Youngstown --; Epilogue. "Other Energies, Other Dreams": Toward a New Labor Movement --; Notes --; Index --; Politics And Society In Twentieth-Century America; restricted access N2 - Divided We Stand is a study of how class and race have intersected in American society--above all, in the "making" and remaking of the American working class in the nineteenth and twentieth centuries. Focusing mainly on longshoremen in the ports of New York, New Orleans, and Los Angeles, and on steelworkers in many of the nation's steel towns, it examines how European immigrants became American and "white" in the crucible of the industrial workplace and the ethnic and working-class neighborhood. As workers organized on the job, especially during the overlapping CIO and civil rights eras in the middle third of the twentieth century, trade unions became a vital arena in which "old" and "new" immigrants and black migrants forged new alliances and identities and tested the limits not only of class solidarity but of American democracy. The most volatile force in this regard was the civil rights movement. As it crested in the 1950s and '60s, "the Movement" confronted unions anew with the question, "Which side are you on?" This book demonstrates the complex ways in which labor organizations answered that question and the complex relationships between union leaders and diverse rank-and-file constituencies in addressing it. Divided We Stand includes vivid examples of white working-class "agency" in the construction of racially discriminatory employment structures. But Nelson is less concerned with racism as such than with the concrete historical circumstances in which racialized class identities emerged and developed. This leads him to a detailed and often fascinating consideration of white, working-class ethnicity but also to a careful analysis of black workers--their conditions of work, their aspirations and identities, their struggles for equality. Making its case with passion and clarity, Divided We Stand will be a compelling and controversial book UR - https://doi.org/10.1515/9780691227429?locatt=mode:legacy UR - https://www.degruyter.com/isbn/9780691227429 UR - https://www.degruyter.com/document/cover/isbn/9780691227429/original ER -