TY  - BOOK
AU  - Payne,Charles M.
AU  - Theoharis,Jeanne
AU  - Woodard,Komozi
TI  - Groundwork: Local Black Freedom Movements in America 
SN  - 9780814782842
U1  - 323.1196/073 22
PY  - 2005///]
CY  - New York, NY : 
PB  - New York University Press, 
KW  - POLITICAL SCIENCE / Civil Rights
KW  - bisacsh
KW  - Groundwork
KW  - black
KW  - comprehensive
KW  - different
KW  - doing
KW  - enabled
KW  - examine
KW  - forges
KW  - freedom
KW  - local
KW  - more
KW  - movement
KW  - movements
KW  - previous
KW  - readers
KW  - several
KW  - together
KW  - vision
KW  - volume
N1  - restricted access
N2  - Over the last several years, the traditional narrative of the civil rights movement as largely a southern phenomenon, organized primarily by male leaders, that roughly began with the 1955 Montgomery Bus Boycott and ended with the Voting Rights Act of 1965, has been complicated by studies that root the movement in smaller communities across the country. These local movements had varying agendas and organizational development, geared to the particular circumstances, resources, and regions in which they operated. Local civil rights activists frequently worked in tandem with the national civil rights movement but often functioned autonomously from-and sometimes even at odds with-the national movement.Together, the pathbreaking essays in Groundwork teach us that local civil rights activity was a vibrant component of the larger civil rights movement, and contributed greatly to its national successes. Individually, the pieces offer dramatic new insights about the civil rights movement, such as the fact that a militant black youth organization in Milwaukee was led by a white Catholic priest and in Cambridge, Maryland, by a middle-aged black woman; that a group of middle-class, professional black women spearheaded Jackson, Mississippi's movement for racial justice and made possible the continuation of the Freedom Rides, and that, despite protests from national headquarters, the Brooklyn chapter of the Congress of Racial Equality staged a dramatic act of civil disobedience at the 1964 World's Fair in New York.No previous volume has enabled readers to examine several different local movements together, and in so doing, Groundwork forges a far more comprehensive vision of the black freedom movement
UR  - https://www.degruyter.com/isbn/9780814784396
UR  - https://www.degruyter.com/document/cover/isbn/9780814784396/original
ER  -