TY  - BOOK
AU  - Moriyama,Alan Takeo
TI  - Imingaisha: Japanese Emigration Companies and Hawaii, 1894–1908 
SN  - 9780824886400
PY  - 2021///]
CY  - Honolulu : 
PB  - University of Hawaii Press, 
KW  - HISTORY / Asia / Japan
KW  - bisacsh
N1  - Frontmatter --; Contents --; Maps --; Tables --; Notes on Japanese Terms --; Preface --; Introduction --; CHAPTER 1 The Background in Japan and Hawaii --; CHAPTER 2 The Government-Sponsored Emigration Period --; CHAPTER 3 The Emigrant Protection Law --; CHAPTER 4 Emigration Companies in Japan: The Stage and the Actors --; CHAPTER 5 Emigration Companies and the Emigration Process in Japan --; CHAPTER 6 Emigration Companies in Hawaii: The Stage and the Actors --; CHAPTER 7 Emigration Companies in Hawaii: The Immigration Process --; CHAPTER 8 The End of the Emigration Companies --; CHAPTER 9 The Legacy of the Emigration Companies --; APPENDIXES --; 1. Contract for Government-Sponsored Emigrants --; 2. Imperial Emigration Company Labor Agreement --; 3. Tokyo Emigration Company Labor Contract --; 4. Kobe Immigration Company Labor Contract --; 5. Japanese Immigration Bureau Labor Contract --; 6. Dollar Exchange Rate for 100 Yen, 1884-1908 --; 7. The Emigrant Protection Law --; 8. Japanese Consuls General in Honolulu, 1886-1908 --; 9. Emigration Companies That Failed to Meet the Six-Month Deadline, 1894-1902 --; 10. Business License Applicants Turned Down by the Foreign Ministry, 1896-1906 --; 11. Agents in the U.S. and Canada and the Companies They Represented, 1899 --; 12. Japanese Inspectors, Interpreters, and Doctors Hired by the Hawaiian Government --; 13. Agents in Hawaii --; 14. Major Boardinghouses in Honolulu and Their Owners --; 15. San Francisco Boardinghouse Owners and Agents --; Notes --; Sources Cited --; Index; restricted access
N2  - Between 1894 and 1908 imingaisha, emigration companies, were the only means by which large groups of Japanese workers could obtain passage to Hawaii from Japan. These companies signed contracts with 125,000 men and women, promising them steady work in Hawaii with guaranteed wages for three years. For fifteen years these private emigration companies controlled the flow of Japanese emigrants to Hawaii. This book describes the life in Japan these emigrants left behind, some temporarily and others permanently, and what became of them once they arrived in Hawaii.While many books have been written about this subject, Imingaisha is the first to place the motivations and actions of the emigrants in proper historical context. Alan Moriyama, fluent in both Japanese and English, has used a vast array of Japanese archival material on emigration and studied recent Japanese scholarship on the topic. He is also one of the very few to use oral history sources to present a balanced view of Japanese migration to Hawaii.Imingaisha describes the government in Japan at the time, the growth of private enterprise during the Meiji period, and the specific contributions Japanese emigrants made to the modernization of their home country. The book also delineates the roles the Bureau of Immigration, the Japanese consulate, and the emigration company representatives played in Hawaii's immigration process; and it explains how the Japanese community in Hawaii confronted government and private institutions to secure a better life in the islands
UR  - https://doi.org/10.1515/9780824886400
UR  - https://www.degruyter.com/isbn/9780824886400
UR  - https://www.degruyter.com/document/cover/isbn/9780824886400/original
ER  -