TY  - BOOK
AU  - Cline,Ruth Harwood
TI  - The Congregation of Tiron: Monastic Contributions to Trade and Communication in Twelfth-Century France and Britain 
T2  - Spirituality and Monasticism, East and West
SN  - 9781641893589
U1  - 271.79 
PY  - 2019///]
CY  - Leeds : 
PB  - ARC Humanities Press, 
KW  - Monks
KW  - France
KW  - Thiron-Gardais
KW  - RELIGION / Monasticism
KW  - bisacsh
KW  - Bernard of Abbeville
KW  - Medieval towns
KW  - Medieval trade
KW  - Monastic orders
KW  - Normanization and the Angevin empire
KW  - Thiron
N1  - Frontmatter --; CONTENTS --; LIST OF ILLUSTRATIONS --; ABBREVIATIONS --; PREFACE --; ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS --; INTRODUCTION --; Chapter 1. The Appearance of Tiron within Church Reform and Monastic Reform from the Eleventh Century --; Chapter 2. The Tironensian Identity --; Chapter 3. Bernard of Abbeville and Tiron's Foundation --; Chapter 4. William of Poitiers and His Successors --; Chapter 5. Expansion in France --; Chapter 6. Expansion in the British Isles --; Chapter 7. The Later History --; Appendix 1. Comparison of the Papal Confirmations --; Appendix 2. Disputes --; Select Bibliography --; Index of Tironensian Places --; General Index; restricted access; Issued also in print
N2  - Tiron was a reformed Benedictine congregation founded ca. 1109 by Bernard of Abbeville. Though little known to medieval and religious historians, this in-depth study shows how it expanded from obscurity in the forests of the Perche to become an international congregation with headquarters in Chartres and Paris and abbeys and priories in France and the British Isles. After famine drove craftsmen to his monastery, Bernard sold their wares to survive, and the congregation become noted for building, crafts, education, and horse-breeding. Tiron preceded the Cistercians in Britain and traded in rising towns, and by 1147 it had a centrally-controlled network of riverine and coastal properties connecting its production hubs with towns and ports. Its expansion prefigured the Angevin trading zone and the French nation. Subsequently Tiron endured wartime ravages, funded illustrious commendatory abbots, and merged with the Congregation of Saint-Maur, before closing in 1792
UR  - https://doi.org/10.1515/9781641893596?locatt=mode:legacy
UR  - https://www.degruyter.com/isbn/9781641893596
UR  - https://www.degruyter.com/document/cover/isbn/9781641893596/original
ER  -