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008			230808t20052005pau fo d z eng d
020			_a9780271093499 _qPDF
024	7		_a10.1515/9780271093499 _2doi
035			_a(DE-B1597)9780271093499
035			_a(DE-B1597)617265
035			_a(OCoLC)1322124387
040			_aDE-B1597 _beng _cDE-B1597 _erda
072		7	_aLAN009000 _2bisacsh
082	0	4	_a378/.00917 _223
084			_aonline - DeGruyter
245	0	0	_aUniversities Under Dictatorship / _ced. by John Connelly, Michael Grüttner.
264		1	_aUniversity Park, PA : _bPenn State University Press, _c[2005]
264		4	_c©2005
300			_a1 online resource (320 p.)
336			_atext _btxt _2rdacontent
337			_acomputer _bc _2rdamedia
338			_aonline resource _bcr _2rdacarrier
347			_atext file _bPDF _2rda
505	0	0	_tFrontmatter -- _tCONTENTS -- _tPREFACE -- _tABBREVIATIONS -- _tIntroduction -- _t1 Russian Universities Across the 1917 Divide -- _t2 Italian Universities Under Fascism -- _t3 German Universities Under the Swastika -- _t4 Spanish Universities Under Franco -- _t5 The Communist Idea of the University: An Essay Inspired by the Hungarian Experience -- _t6 Czech Universities Under Communism -- _t7 Polish Universities and State Socialism, 1944–1968 -- _t8 Resistance to the Sovietization of Higher Eduction in China -- _t9 Between Control and Collaboration: The University in East Germany -- _tConcluding Reflections: Universities and Dictatorships -- _tINDEX
506	0		_arestricted access _uhttp://purl.org/coar/access_right/c_16ec _fonline access with authorization _2star
520			_aDictatorships destroy intellectual freedom, yet universities need it. How, then, can universities function under dictatorships? Are they more a support or a danger for the system? In this volume, leading experts from five countries explore the many dimensions of accommodation and conflict, control and independence, as well as subservience and resistance that characterized the relationship of universities to dictatorial regimes in communist and fascist states during the twentieth century: Nazi Germany, Mussolini’s Italy, Francoist Spain, Maoist China, the Soviet Union, and the Soviet bloc countries of Czechoslovakia, East Germany, Hungary, and Poland. Comparisons across these cases reveal that the higher-education policies of modern dictatorships were characterized by a basic conflict of aims. On the one hand, universities were supposed to propagate reigning ideology and serve as training grounds for a dependable elite. Consequently, university autonomy was restricted, research used for political legitimation, personnel policies subjected to political calculus, and many undesired scholars simply put out on the street. On the other hand, modern dictatorships needed well-educated scientists, physicians, teachers, and engineers for the implementation of their political, economic, and military agendas. Communist and fascist leaders thus confronted the basic question of whether universities should be seen primarily as producers of ideology and functionaries loyal to the party line or as places where indispensable knowledge was made available. Dictatorships that opted to subject universities to rigorous political control reduced their scholarly productivity. But if the institutes of higher learning were left with too much autonomy, there was a danger that they would go astray politically. Besides the editors, the contributors are Ruth Ben-Ghiat, Michael David-Fox, Jan Havránek, Ralph Jessen, György Péteri, Miguel Ángel Ruiz Carnicer, and Douglas Stiffler.
538			_aMode of access: Internet via World Wide Web.
546			_aIn English.
588	0		_aDescription based on online resource; title from PDF title page (publisher's Web site, viewed 08. Aug 2023)
650		7	_aLANGUAGE ARTS & DISCIPLINES / Linguistics / General. _2bisacsh
653			_aConnely.
653			_aFrancoist Spain.
653			_aGrüttner.
653			_aMaoist China.
653			_aMussolini’s Italy.
653			_aSoviet Union.
653			_aSoviet bloc countries.
653			_aazi Germany.
653			_acontrol.
653			_adictatorship.
653			_afascist.
653			_aindependence.
653			_aintellectual freedom.
653			_apolitical legitimation.
653			_aresistance.
653			_asubservience.
653			_auniversity.
700	1		_aBen-Ghiat, Ruth _eautore
700	1		_aCarnicer, Miguel Ángel Ruiz _eautore
700	1		_aConnelly, John _eautore _ecuratore
700	1		_aDavid-Fox, Michael _eautore
700	1		_aGrüttner, Michael _ecuratore
850			_aIT-RoAPU
856	4	0	_uhttps://doi.org/10.1515/9780271093499?locatt=mode:legacy
856	4	0	_uhttps://www.degruyter.com/isbn/9780271093499
856	4	2	_3Cover _uhttps://www.degruyter.com/document/cover/isbn/9780271093499/original
942			_cEB
999			_c187742 _d187742