000			04444nam a22005415i 4500
001			190237
003			IT-RoAPU
005			20221214232511.0
006			m|||||o||d||||||||
007			cr || ||||||||
008			210830t20122012mau fo d z eng d
019			_a(OCoLC)840446347
020			_a9780674055483 _qprint
020			_a9780674062825 _qPDF
024	7		_a10.4159/harvard.9780674062825 _2doi
035			_a(DE-B1597)9780674062825
035			_a(DE-B1597)178282
035			_a(OCoLC)778459400
040			_aDE-B1597 _beng _cDE-B1597 _erda
050		4	_aKF8776 _b.S54 2012eb
072		7	_aLAW060000 _2bisacsh
082	0	4	_a347.73/14 _223
084			_aonline - DeGruyter
100	1		_aShugerman, Jed Handelsman _eautore
245	1	4	_aThe People's Courts : _bPursuing Judicial Independence in America / _cJed Handelsman Shugerman.
264		1	_aCambridge, MA : _bHarvard University Press, _c[2012]
264		4	_c©2012
300			_a1 online resource (391 p.) : _b2 line illustrations, 2 graphs, 7 tables
336			_atext _btxt _2rdacontent
337			_acomputer _bc _2rdamedia
338			_aonline resource _bcr _2rdacarrier
347			_atext file _bPDF _2rda
505	0	0	_tFrontmatter -- _tContents -- _tIntroduction: America's Peculiar Institution -- _tCHAPTER ONE. Declaring Judicial In de pen dence -- _tCHAPTER TWO. Judicial Challenges in the Early Republic -- _tCHAPTER THREE. Judicial Elections as Separation of Powers -- _tCHAPTER FOUR. Panic and Trigger -- _tCHAPTER FIVE. The American Revolutions of 1848 -- _tCHAPTER SIX. The Boom in Judicial Review -- _tCHAPTER SEVEN. Reconstructing Independence -- _tCHAPTER EIGHT. The Progressives' Failed Solutions -- _tCHAPTER NINE. The Great Depression, Crime, and the Revival of Appointment -- _tCHAPTER TEN. The Puzzling Rise of Merit -- _tCHAPTER ELEVEN. Judicial Plutocracy after 1980 -- _tConclusion: Interests, Ideas, and Judicial Independence -- _tAppendix A: Judicial Elections Timeline -- _tNotes -- _tAcknowledgments -- _tIndex
506	0		_arestricted access _uhttp://purl.org/coar/access_right/c_16ec _fonline access with authorization _2star
520			_aIn the United States, almost 90 percent of state judges have to run in popular elections to remain on the bench. In the past decade, this peculiarly American institution has produced vicious multi-million-dollar political election campaigns and high-profile allegations of judicial bias and misconduct. The People's Courts traces the history of judicial elections and Americans' quest for an independent judiciary-one that would ensure fairness for all before the law-from the colonial era to the present.In the aftermath of economic disaster, nineteenth-century reformers embraced popular elections as a way to make politically appointed judges less susceptible to partisan patronage and more independent of the legislative and executive branches of government. This effort to reinforce the separation of powers and limit government succeeded in many ways, but it created new threats to judicial independence and provoked further calls for reform. Merit selection emerged as the most promising means of reducing partisan and financial influence from judicial selection. It too, however, proved vulnerable to pressure from party politics and special interest groups. Yet, as Shugerman concludes, it still has more potential for protecting judicial independence than either political appointment or popular election.The People's Courts shows how Americans have been deeply committed to judicial independence, but that commitment has also been manipulated by special interests. By understanding our history of judicial selection, we can better protect and preserve the independence of judges from political and partisan influence.
530			_aIssued also in print.
538			_aMode of access: Internet via World Wide Web.
546			_aIn English.
588	0		_aDescription based on online resource; title from PDF title page (publisher's Web site, viewed 30. Aug 2021)
650		0	_aJudges _zUnited States _xStates _xElection _xHistory.
650		0	_aJudicial independence _zUnited States _xHistory.
650		7	_aLAW / Legal History. _2bisacsh
850			_aIT-RoAPU
856	4	0	_uhttps://doi.org/10.4159/harvard.9780674062825
856	4	0	_uhttps://www.degruyter.com/isbn/9780674062825
856	4	2	_3Cover _uhttps://www.degruyter.com/cover/covers/9780674062825.jpg
942			_cEB
999			_c190237 _d190237