000			05381nam a22006015i 4500
001			198253
003			IT-RoAPU
005			20221214233037.0
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007			cr || ||||||||
008			220424t20132004pau fo d z eng d
019			_a(OCoLC)1013960794
019			_a(OCoLC)979740821
020			_a9780812219999 _qprint
020			_a9780812203745 _qPDF
024	7		_a10.9783/9780812203745 _2doi
035			_a(DE-B1597)9780812203745
035			_a(DE-B1597)449223
035			_a(OCoLC)859161009
040			_aDE-B1597 _beng _cDE-B1597 _erda
072		7	_aHIS010020 _2bisacsh
082	0	4	_a641.2/3/0940902
084			_aonline - DeGruyter
100	1		_aUnger, Richard W. _eautore
245	1	0	_aBeer in the Middle Ages and the Renaissance / _cRichard W. Unger.
264		1	_aPhiladelphia : _bUniversity of Pennsylvania Press, _c[2013]
264		4	_c©2004
300			_a1 online resource (344 p.) : _b23 illus.
336			_atext _btxt _2rdacontent
337			_acomputer _bc _2rdamedia
338			_aonline resource _bcr _2rdacarrier
347			_atext file _bPDF _2rda
505	0	0	_tFrontmatter -- _tContents -- _tIllustrations -- _tTables -- _tPreface -- _tAbbreviations -- _tChapter 1. Introduction: Understanding the History of Brewing -- _tChapter 2. Early Medieval Brewing -- _tChapter 3. Urbanization and the Rise of Commercial Brewing -- _tChapter 4. Hopped Beer, Hanse Towns, and the Origins of the Trade in Beer -- _tChapter 5. The Spread of Hopped Beer Brewing: The Northern Low Countries -- _tChapter 6. The Spread of Hopped Beer Brewing: The Southern Low Countries, England, and Scandinavia -- _tChapter 7. The Mature Industry: Levels of Production -- _tChapter 8. The Mature Industry: Levels of Consumption -- _tChapter 9. The Mature Industry: Technology -- _tChapter 10. The Mature Industry: Capital Investment and Innovation -- _tChapter 11. Types of Beer and Their International Exchange -- _tChapter 12. Taxes and Protection -- _tChapter 13. Guilds, Brewery Workers, and Work in Breweries -- _tChapter 14. Epilogue: The Decline of Brewing -- _tAppendix. On Classification and Measurement -- _tNotes -- _tBibliography -- _tIndex
506	0		_arestricted access _uhttp://purl.org/coar/access_right/c_16ec _fonline access with authorization _2star
520			_aThe beer of today-brewed from malted grain and hops, manufactured by large and often multinational corporations, frequently associated with young adults, sports, and drunkenness-is largely the result of scientific and industrial developments of the nineteenth century. Modern beer, however, has little in common with the drink that carried that name through the Middle Ages and Renaissance. Looking at a time when beer was often a nutritional necessity, was sometimes used as medicine, could be flavored with everything from the bark of fir trees to thyme and fresh eggs, and was consumed by men, women, and children alike, Beer in the Middle Ages and the Renaissance presents an extraordinarily detailed history of the business, art, and governance of brewing.During the medieval and early modern periods beer was as much a daily necessity as a source of inebriation and amusement. It was the beverage of choice of urban populations that lacked access to secure sources of potable water; a commodity of economic as well as social importance; a safe drink for daily consumption that was less expensive than wine; and a major source of tax revenue for the state. In Beer in the Middle Ages and the Renaissance, Richard W. Unger has written an encompassing study of beer as both a product and an economic force in Europe.Drawing from archives in the Low Countries and England to assemble an impressively complete history, Unger describes the transformation of the industry from small-scale production that was a basic part of housewifery to a highly regulated commercial enterprise dominated by the wealthy and overseen by government authorities. Looking at the intersecting technological, economic, cultural, and political changes that influenced the transformation of brewing over centuries, he traces how improvements in technology and in the distribution of information combined to standardize quality, showing how the process of urbanization created the concentrated markets essential for commercial production.Weaving together the stories of prosperous businessmen, skilled brewmasters, and small producers, this impressively researched overview of the social and cultural practices that surrounded the beer industry is rich in implication for the history of the period as a whole.
530			_aIssued also in print.
538			_aMode of access: Internet via World Wide Web.
546			_aIn English.
588	0		_aDescription based on online resource; title from PDF title page (publisher's Web site, viewed 24. Apr 2022)
650		4	_aEconomics.
650		7	_aHISTORY / Europe / Western. _2bisacsh
653			_aBusiness.
653			_aEconomics.
653			_aEuropean History.
653			_aHistory.
653			_aMedieval and Renaissance Studies.
653			_aWorld History.
850			_aIT-RoAPU
856	4	0	_uhttps://doi.org/10.9783/9780812203745
856	4	0	_uhttps://www.degruyter.com/isbn/9780812203745
856	4	2	_3Cover _uhttps://www.degruyter.com/document/cover/isbn/9780812203745/original
942			_cEB
999			_c198253 _d198253